單字庫

without

/wɪˈθaʊt/KK

wɪ·θaʊt

練發音
介系詞
國中
難度 2 個音節
also used as an adverb and conjunction-like linker
1.
沒有;缺少
極常用

表示某人、事物或情況缺少某樣東西,或某事未發生。

用法:後接動詞時要用動名詞。例如:without checking。不可說 without check。

without help
without permission
without warning
without a problem
without money

Please do not use this computer without asking me first.

請先問過我,再使用這台電腦。

I left home without my umbrella, so I got wet on the way to school.

我沒帶雨傘就出門了,所以去學校的路上淋濕了。

She finished the report without any help from her classmates.

她沒有同學的幫忙就完成了報告。

2.
不做某事就……;在未做某事的情況下
極常用

表示某個動作沒有發生,但另一個動作或結果仍然發生。

用法:without 後面不可直接接原形動詞,也通常不接 to 不定詞。說 without telling me,不說 without tell me 或 without to tell me。

without saying anything
without looking
without thinking
without checking
without telling someone

He borrowed my bike without asking me first.

他沒有先問我,就借走了我的腳踏車。

Read it carefully without missing anything.

仔細讀,不要漏掉任何內容。

You cannot get better at English without practicing it often.

你不常練習英文,就不會進步。

3.
要是沒有……;若非……
常用

用於假設,表示若少了某人或某事,結果會不同。

用法:這種用法常與 would、could 或 might 連用。

without your support
without this opportunity
without modern technology
without a map
without you

Without a map, we might not have found the night market.

如果沒有地圖,我們可能找不到那個夜市。

The work could not go well without everyone's help.

沒有大家的幫忙,這件事就不會順利。

Without you telling me, I would have forgotten the meeting.

如果你沒有告訴我,我可能就會忘記那場會議。

4.
在外面;不在裡面
罕見
正式

作副詞用,表示在某個地方、範圍或群體之外。

用法:此義的 without 不接受詞;日常英文通常會用 outside。

voices without
from within and without
forces without

The museum was quiet inside, but traffic noise came from without.

博物館裡很安靜,但外面傳來車流聲。

常見錯誤

I went out without bring my umbrella.

I went out without bringing my umbrella.

He left without to say goodbye.

He left without saying goodbye.

Without you help, I cannot finish it.

Without your help, I cannot finish it.

I cannot live without to use my phone.

I cannot live without using my phone.

相關字詞
with 反義
outside 近義
unless 易混淆
lack 近義
學習提示

・without 最常表示「沒有」或「未做」。

・要說「沒有某物」時,用 without+名詞:without money、without my phone。

・要說「沒有做某事」時,用 without+動名詞:without eating breakfast。

・「要不是……」可用 Without+名詞,主句常用 would、could 或 might:Without your help, I would be lost。

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