單字庫

to

/ˈtu/KK

練發音
介系詞
國小
難度 短、單義、常用
infinitive marker
adverb
1.
到;向;往
極常用

表示人、物或動作朝某個地點、方向或目的地移動。

用法:後面通常接名詞、代名詞或地點名稱。若目的地是「家、這裡、那裡」等副詞,通常不加此字。

go to school
walk to the station
travel to Taiwan
turn to the left
return to work

We went to the night market after class.

我們下課後去夜市。

Please turn to the left after you leave the station.

離開車站後請往左轉。

2.
給;對;向
極常用

表示動作的接受者、對象,或某件事所針對的人或事物。

用法:有些動詞須用此字引出間接受詞,例如「向某人解釋某事」。但有些雙受詞動詞可直接接人,不一定需要此字。

give a gift to someone
send an email to someone
talk to a teacher
explain something to someone
invite someone to a party

I sent the photos to my cousin after the family dinner.

家庭聚餐後,我把照片傳給表哥。

Could you tell me what to do for the homework?

你可以告訴我作業要做什麼嗎?

3.
到;至;從……到……
極常用

表示範圍、數量、程度、時間或行程的終點。

用法:表示範圍時,常與表示起點的介系詞連用。表示日期範圍時,通常不需要在每個日期前重複加介系詞。

from Monday to Friday
from 8 to 10 p.m.
increase from 50 to 80
a score of 90 to 100
ten to twenty minutes

We go to school from Monday to Friday.

我們從星期一到星期五去上學。

It takes about twenty to thirty minutes to ride there.

騎腳踏車到那裡大約要二十到三十分鐘。

還有 3 個進階的意思(國小之後才會學到)
4.
對於;和……有關;通往
極常用

表示事物之間的關係、連結、對應、反應或歸屬。

用法:許多名詞、形容詞與動詞固定搭配此字,不能隨意改成其他介系詞。

the answer to a question
the key to the door
the solution to a problem
be kind to someone
respond to a message

Please be polite to the people at the restaurant.

請對餐廳裡的人有禮貌。

The teacher gave us a clear answer to the question.

老師清楚回答了我們的問題。

5.
比;相較於
常用

用於比較兩者,或表示偏好、優先順序與相對關係。

用法:表示偏好時,常用「偏好甲勝於乙」的結構。比較級後通常用此字連接比較對象。

prefer tea to coffee
be senior to someone
be similar to something
better than expected
compare A to B

My sister says no to cow's milk and drinks milk made from beans.

我姊姊不喝牛奶,會喝豆漿。

6.
差……分到……點
常用

用於報時,表示距離下一個整點還差多少分鐘。

用法:此用法的順序是「差幾分+到幾點」;所說的整點是即將到來的那一個小時。

five to six
ten to eight
quarter to nine
twenty to twelve

It was quarter to nine when the bus finally arrived.

公車終於到時已經八點四十五分了。

The movie starts at ten to seven, so let's leave now.

電影六點五十分開始,所以我們現在出發吧。

常見錯誤

I went to home after school.

I went home after school.

The teacher explained me the rule.

The teacher explained the rule to me.

I look forward to meet you.

I look forward to meeting you.

We arrived to the airport at 6.

We arrived at the airport at 6.

相關字詞
for 易混淆
toward 近義
too 易混淆
until 近義
look forward to 片語形式
學習提示

・此字最常見的兩種功能是介系詞與不定詞標記。介系詞後面通常接名詞、代名詞或動名詞;不定詞標記後面接原形動詞。

・判斷方式是看後面的字:若後面是原形動詞,通常是不定詞標記;若後面是名詞或動名詞,通常是介系詞。

・有些搭配必須整組記憶,例如「習慣於」、「期待」與「致力於」後面的此字都是介系詞。

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