that
/ˈðæt/KK
1.
那個;那位;那件
放在名詞前,指明特定且通常離說話者較遠、先前已提過,或要特別指出的人、事、物或時間。
用法:通常位於名詞前,也可接形容詞加名詞。若所指對象不只一個,須使用相對應的複數指示詞。
Could you pass me that bowl of soup?
你可以把那碗湯遞給我嗎?
That food shop near the train station is full on weekends.
火車站附近的那間食物店在週末客滿。
2.
那個;那件事;那一點
不接名詞而單獨使用,指代先前提過或當下可辨認的人、事、物、想法或情況。
用法:可作主詞、受詞或主詞補語。指代不只一個人或物時,須使用相對應的複數指示詞。
What is that on the table?
桌上那個是什麼?
I do not have an umbrella, but my sister has one. That is good.
我沒有雨傘,但我姊姊有一把。那很好。
還有 3 個進階的意思(國小之後才會學到)
3.
(引導內容子句)……這件事;……
引導內容子句,說明某人所說、所想、所知、所感受或所發現的內容。
用法:當內容子句本身作句首主詞時,通常不可省略。用於「如此……以致於……」的結果句時,也同樣是連接詞用法。
My teacher said that we need to give her the report on Friday.
我的老師說,我們星期五要把報告交給她。
I was so tired that I slept on the bus.
我太累了,所以在公車上睡著了。
4.
……的;……的人或事物
引導限定性關係子句,補充用來辨認前面名詞所必需的資訊。
用法:限定性關係子句前通常不用逗號。此字不能用在非限定性關係子句,也不能直接放在介系詞後面。
The bakery that sells sweet cakes is across from the school.
那家賣甜蛋糕的麵包店在學校對面。
She is the classmate that helped me get ready for the talk.
她就是那位幫我準備演講的同學。
5.
那麼;那樣地;到那種程度
修飾形容詞、副詞或表示數量與距離的詞,表示某個已知或可從情境判斷的程度。
用法:常放在形容詞或副詞前,也可修飾表示數量、距離或時間長度的詞組。它不等同於單純加強語氣的「非常」。
I never knew a ticket for a music show could be that expensive.
我以前不知道音樂表演的門票可以貴成那樣。
The hike was not that difficult, even for people new to hiking.
這趟健行沒有那麼難,就算是第一次健行的人也一樣。
常見錯誤
The movie, that we watched last night, was exciting.
The movie that we watched last night was exciting.
This is the teacher to that I spoke.
This is the teacher that I spoke to.
She said that me after class.
She said that to me after class./She told me that after class.
I know what that he wants.
I know what he wants./I know that he wants it.
相關字詞
學習提示
・此字的核心概念是「指向某個特定對象、內容或程度」。先判斷它後面是否有名詞,再判斷它是否在引導子句,最容易辨認用法。
・引導內容子句時,中文往往不需要逐字翻出;翻譯時應依整句意思自然處理。
・關係子句中的此字只用於限定必要資訊,不可放在逗號後。