survive
/sɚˈvaɪv/KK
sɚ·vaɪv
變化形
surviving
survived
survives
survived
1.
生存；存活
在危險、疾病或困難情況之後仍然活著或繼續存在
用法：可作不及物動詞，後面不直接接受詞；也可作及物動詞，表示在某件事之後仍活著或持續存在
The hiker survived the accident and was taken to the hospital.
那名健行者在事故中活了下來，之後被送往醫院。
Some plants cannot survive in very cold weather.
有些植物無法在非常寒冷的天氣中生存。
2.
熬過；渡過
成功度過一段困難的時期或一件艱難的事情
用法：後面通常接表示事件或時期的名詞，也可接由疑問詞引導的名詞子句
I survived exam week with so much homework.
我靠著這麼多作業撐過了考試週。
The small restaurant survived hard times by selling cheap meals.
這家小餐廳靠賣便宜的餐點度過了艱難的時期。
3.
比……活得久；比……長久存在
活得比另一個人久，或存在得比另一件事物久
用法：後面可直接接人或事物作受詞；語意上常帶有時間長短的比較
She was survived by her husband and two children.
她過世後，丈夫和兩個孩子仍健在。
The old temple has survived for hundreds of years.
那座古老的寺廟已經存在數百年。
常見錯誤
He survived from the accident.
He survived the accident.
She survived in the cancer last year.
She survived cancer last year.
They survived hardly on one meal a day.
They barely survived on one meal a day.
He survived to the accident.
He survived the accident.
相關字詞
學習提示
・表示在危險或困難中活下來時，常用「動詞加事件」的結構，例如「熬過事故」或「撐過疾病」。
・表示依靠很少的資源生活時，常用「在某物上生存」的結構。
・不要把「survive」和「outlive」混用；後者特別強調活得比另一個人久。