單字庫

sample

/ˈsæmpəl/KK

sæm·pəl

練發音
名詞
高中
難度 2 個音節、5 個義項
also used as a verb
often used attributively before another noun
變化形
複數

samples

1.
樣本;樣品;試用品
極常用

從較大量的事物中取出的一小部分,用來檢驗、展示或讓人試用。

用法:常見搭配為「a sample of+名詞」與「take/collect a sample」。當指可數的一份樣品時,通常要用冠詞或複數形式。

a sample of the product
free sample
food sample
collect a blood sample
take a water sample

The nurse collected a blood sample before the health check.

健康檢查前,護理師採集了一份血液樣本。

The supermarket gave out free samples of pineapple cake during the holiday sale.

超市在假日特賣期間發放鳳梨酥試吃品。

2.
抽樣;樣本
常用
學術

為了研究或調查整體情況,而選出的部分人、物或資料。

用法:常與「representative」搭配,表示能適當反映整體情況的樣本。此義的「population」是統計上的「母體」,不一定只指人口。

random sample
representative sample
sample size
survey sample
a sample of students

The study included a sample of students from several high schools.

這項研究包含來自幾所高中的一群學生。

A small sample may not show what all customers think.

小型樣本可能無法顯示所有顧客的想法。

3.
範例;樣本題;示範品
常用

用來說明某類作品、文件、題目或產品格式與內容的範例。

用法:常置於另一個名詞前作定語,如「sample question」與「sample email」。此時通常不表示形容詞詞性,而是名詞修飾名詞。

sample question
sample form
sample menu
sample answer
sample email

Our teacher gave us sample answers after the English writing test.

我們的老師在英文寫作測驗後給我們範例答案。

Please read the sample message before writing to the student from another country.

寫信給來自另一個國家的學生之前,請先閱讀這則範例訊息。

4.
品嘗;試用;抽樣檢測
常用

品嘗、試用或檢查少量的食物、產品或材料,以了解其品質或特性。

用法:作動詞時可直接接受受詞,如「sample the soup」。在正式檢測語境中,也可說「sample water from a river」。

sample local food
sample the soup
sample a new product
sample water from a river
sample different flavors

We sampled several kinds of tea before choosing a gift box.

我們試喝了幾種茶,才選了一盒當禮物。

Workers took a sample of water from the stream after the heavy rain.

大雨後,工作人員從小溪取了一份水樣。

5.
取樣使用;擷取並重製聲音片段
較少用
專業

擷取既有錄音中的一小段聲音,並將其用於新的音樂或音訊作品中。

用法:受詞通常是歌曲、錄音或旋律片段。不要把此義和單純「聽音樂」混為一談。

sample a song
sample a recording
sample a drum beat
sample music legally
sample an older track

The producer sampled an old drum beat after he was allowed to use it.

製作人在得到使用許可後,取樣了一段老鼓聲。

常見錯誤

The researchers did a sample from 500 students.

The researchers took a sample of 500 students.

We sampled to the cake at the bakery.

We sampled the cake at the bakery.

The store gave me sample of the new drink.

The store gave me a sample of the new drink.

This sample is very representative for all Taiwan students.

This sample is representative of students across Taiwan.

相關字詞
sample size 常見搭配
representative sample 常見搭配
specimen 近義
example 近義
sampling 同源詞
學習提示

・「sample」最核心的概念是「從較大整體中取出的一小部分」,因此可指商品樣品、檢體,也可指統計樣本。

・「free sample」通常是免費試用品或試吃品;若是餐廳讓你少量品嘗,可用動詞「sample」。

・學術寫作中,請區分「sample」的樣本與「population」的母體。樣本是否具有代表性會影響研究結論。

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