單字庫

rat

/ˈræt/KK

/ˈɹæt/IPA

練發音
名詞
國中
難度 3 個義項
自然與環境
also used as a verb
animal
informal
變化形
複數

rats

1.
老鼠;鼠類動物
極常用

一種尾巴長、通常生活在人類居住環境附近的齧齒動物

用法:通常是可數名詞。單數時通常要搭配限定詞,例如「一隻老鼠」或「那隻老鼠」。

a rat
a pet rat
a sewer rat
a rat infestation
see a rat

We saw a rat near the garbage behind the restaurant.

我們在餐廳後面的垃圾附近看到一隻老鼠。

2.
告密者;背叛者
常用
非正式

被認為不值得信任、向他人告密或背叛同伴的人

用法:這個意思通常用作可數名詞,常搭配「a」或其他限定詞。

treat someone like a rat
call someone a rat
a dirty rat

Everyone called him a rat after he told the teacher who broke the computer.

他告訴老師是誰弄壞電腦後,大家都叫他告密者。

3.
告密;背叛
常用
非正式

向權威人士提供他人的秘密或不利資訊,或背叛原本支持的人

用法:常見形式是「rat on+人」或「rat someone out」。通常不直接說「rat someone」來表達告密。

rat on someone
rat someone out
rat out a friend
rat on your classmates

She said she would not rat on her brother for eating the last piece of cake.

她說她不會因為哥哥吃掉最後一塊蛋糕就告發他。

常見錯誤

She ratted out to the teacher her classmate.

She ratted her classmate out to the teacher.

My brother is a rat because he tells on me.

My brother is a rat because he told on me.

I saw rat in the kitchen.

I saw a rat in the kitchen.

He ratted his friend.

He ratted on his friend.

相關字詞
rodent 上位
rat on 片語形式
rat out 片語形式
rude 近義
mouse 近義
學習提示

・指動物時,「rat」通常比「mouse」大,兩者不是完全相同的字。

・「rat」表示告密者時帶有侮辱意味;日常對話中要注意語氣。

・「rat on」和「rat out」都可表示告密,但搭配方式不同:「rat on someone」以及「rat someone out」。

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