desert
/ˈdɛzɚt/KK
dɛ·zɚt
變化形
deserts
1.
沙漠；荒漠地帶
雨量極少、植被稀疏的廣大乾燥地區，不一定全是沙地。
用法：可數名詞。可說「一座沙漠」或「穿越沙漠」。
We packed extra water before driving across the desert.
我們開車穿越沙漠前，多準備了一些水。
2.
遺棄；拋下；擅離
在他人需要你、你有責任留下，或你承諾支持的情況下離開或不再支持。此字比一般的「離開」嚴重，常帶有負面評價。
用法：及物動詞，後面直接接受詞，不用加介系詞。
People said the father was wrong to desert his family.
大家都說那位父親拋下家人是不對的。
3.
擅離軍職；逃離部隊
軍人未經允許離開部隊或不再服役，通常屬於違反軍紀的行為。
用法：可說「擅離部隊」，也可用「從軍隊中逃離」的結構。
The soldier was charged with deserting from the army.
那名士兵被控擅離軍職。
4.
應得的獎賞或報應
指一個人因其行為而理應得到的結果，最常見於表示「罪有應得」的固定說法。
用法：此義通常用複數形式，最常見搭配是「某人罪有應得」。不要與指甜點的字混淆。
After cheating customers for years, he finally got his just deserts.
多年來欺騙顧客後，他終於罪有應得。
常見錯誤
They went to desert during the summer vacation.
They traveled to the desert during the summer vacation.
He left his family, so he deserted his family yesterday.
He left his family yesterday. / He deserted his family.
We had dessert in the Sahara.
We traveled through the desert in the Sahara.
He deserted from his family.
He deserted his family.
相關字詞
學習提示
・本字作名詞時最常指「沙漠」；作動詞時則指帶有失責意味的「遺棄」。
・「罪有應得」的固定說法是「得到某人應得的報應」；其中 deserts 並不是「沙漠」的複數。
・若只是說離開某個地方，通常使用 leave；只有在拋下責任、人或職位時才適合用 desert。