but
/ˈbʌt/KK
1.
但是;可是;不過
連接兩個在意思上形成對比、轉折或出乎意料結果的子句、片語或詞語。
用法:連接兩個完整子句時,前面通常要用逗點。雖然可放在句首來承接前文,但不應在同一句中和表示「雖然」的連接詞重複搭配。
I wanted to join the trip, but I had to study for a test.
我想參加那趟旅行,但是我得準備考試。
There were many people on the bus, but we found seats.
公車上有很多人,但我們找到了座位。
還有 5 個進階的意思(國小之後才會學到)
2.
除了……以外;除……之外
用於名詞、代名詞或名詞片語前,表示排除某人或某事。
用法:此義項後面通常接名詞或代名詞,不接完整子句。日常口語中常可改用表示「除了」的介系詞片語。
There was nothing but tea in the refrigerator.
冰箱裡除了茶以外,什麼都沒有。
My friends have umbrellas, but I do not.
我的朋友都有雨傘,但我沒有。
3.
若不是因為;要不是靠著
在「but for」這個固定片語中,表示若沒有某人或某事,某個結果就不會發生。
用法:常與假設語氣或過去完成式搭配,用來談論未發生的假設情況。
But for your help, I would have been late.
如果不是你的幫忙,我就會遲到了。
But for the heavy rain, we would have gone for a walk.
要不是下大雨,我們本來會去散步。
4.
只有;僅僅
用於較正式或文學性的表達中,表示「只有」或「僅僅」。
用法:常出現在固定或較文雅的句型中,例如表示「只有一個機會」。
There is but one seat left on the train.
火車上只剩一個座位。
She is but a child, so please be kind to her.
她只是一個孩子,所以請對她好一點。
5.
不得不;忍不住
用於「cannot but+原形動詞」的正式結構中,表示某人無法不做某事。
用法:後面接原形動詞。不要在這個結構後面接動名詞。
I cannot but say yes to you.
我不得不對你說好。
We could not but laugh when the cake fell off the plate.
蛋糕從盤子上掉下來時,我們忍不住笑了。
6.
異議;藉口;但書
作名詞時,通常只出現在「ifs and buts」這個固定片語中,指一連串猶豫、藉口或反對理由。
用法:通常以複數形式出現在固定片語中,不常單獨使用。
The teacher listened to them say, “But...,” and then explained the rule again.
老師聽他們一直說「但是……」,然後再次解釋規則。
No ifs and buts—we need to leave for the station now.
別再找藉口了——我們現在得出發去車站。
常見錯誤
Although it was raining, but we went to school.
Although it was raining, we went to school./It was raining, but we went to school.
I like but coffee.
I like coffee, but I do not like tea./I like nothing but coffee.
I cannot but studying for the exam.
I cannot but study for the exam./I cannot help studying for the exam.
But for I forgot my umbrella, I got wet.
Because I forgot my umbrella, I got wet./But for my umbrella, I would have gotten wet.
相關字詞
學習提示
・最實用的核心句型是「子句,but 子句」,用來表達前後對比。
・若本字放在句首,通常是在回應或修正前一句的內容,例如「But I told you yesterday.」
・寫作時,若本字連接兩個完整子句,前面通常加逗點。