burst
/ˈbɝst/KK
變化形
bursting
burst
bursts
burst
1.
爆裂;破裂;炸開
指物體因壓力、撞擊或內部力量而突然裂開,也可指使某物炸開或撐破。
用法:「burst」作動詞時可及物或不及物。描述容器因裝得太滿而破裂時,常用「burst with+名詞」。
The water pipe burst during the cold night.
水管在寒冷的夜裡破裂了。
Be careful not to burst the balloon while tying it.
綁氣球時小心不要把它弄破。
2.
突然衝出;猛然出現
指人、動物、光線或聲音突然且迅速地從某處出來或出現。
用法:常見結構為「burst out of+地點」及「burst into+地點」。此義通常不接受詞。
The students burst out of the classroom when the bell rang.
鐘聲一響,學生便衝出教室。
Light burst through the clouds after the rain.
雨後,光線從雲層中照射出來。
3.
突然大笑;突然哭起來;突然爆發
指情緒、笑聲、哭聲或歌聲等毫無預警地突然開始。
用法:說「burst into tears」與「burst into laughter」,但說「burst out laughing」與「burst out crying」。不要把兩種結構任意混用。
The child burst into tears after losing her favorite toy.
那個孩子弄丟最喜歡的玩具後,突然哭了起來。
4.
充滿,洋溢著
指某人或某物充滿強烈的情感、活力或特質,彷彿快要滿溢出來。
用法:最自然的結構是「be bursting with+抽象名詞」。用於人時,通常表示情緒或精力非常旺盛。
The children came home bursting with joy about the school trip.
孩子們帶著滿滿的喜悅回家,談著學校旅行的事。
Her parents were bursting with joy when she finished school.
她完成學業時,父母開心得不得了。
5.
爆發;突發事件;一陣
名詞用法,指突然發生且通常持續不久的聲響、能量、情緒、活動或事件。
用法:作此義時是可數名詞,通常搭配「a」或其他數量詞。
A burst of cheering filled the hall after the show.
演出結束後,一陣歡呼聲充滿了大廳。
I had a burst of energy after drinking some tea.
喝了些茶後,我突然精神好多了。
6.
爆發;突然激增
名詞用法,指疾病、暴力或某種活動在短時間內突然大量發生。
用法:常見搭配為「a burst of+名詞」。若強調疾病在特定地區持續擴散,「outbreak」往往更自然。
The hospital prepared for a burst of flu cases after the holiday.
假期過後,醫院為流感病例突然增加做好準備。
There was a burst of activity at the station before the last train.
末班車到站前,車站裡突然忙碌了起來。
常見錯誤
She burst into crying when she heard the news.
She burst into tears when she heard the news./She burst out crying when she heard the news.
The balloon was burst by my brother.
My brother burst the balloon./The balloon burst.
There was burst of laughter in the classroom.
There was a burst of laughter in the classroom.
The students burst from the classroom.
The students burst out of the classroom.
相關字詞
學習提示
・「burst」的核心概念是「突然且有力地發生」。它可描述物體破裂、人突然衝出,以及情緒或笑聲突然爆發。
・「burst into+名詞」和「burst out+動名詞」是高頻固定搭配,建議整組記憶。
・「burst with」可指容器裝得太滿而破裂,也可比喻某人「充滿」驕傲、興奮或活力。