單字庫

burst

/ˈbɝst/KK

練發音
動詞
高中
難度 6 個義項
also used as a noun
irregular verb
變化形
現在分詞(不規則)

bursting

過去分詞(不規則)

burst

第三人稱單數(不規則)

bursts

過去式(不規則)

burst

1.
爆裂;破裂;炸開
常用

指物體因壓力、撞擊或內部力量而突然裂開,也可指使某物炸開或撐破。

用法:「burst」作動詞時可及物或不及物。描述容器因裝得太滿而破裂時,常用「burst with+名詞」。

a balloon bursts
a pipe bursts
burst a balloon
burst with water
burst open

The water pipe burst during the cold night.

水管在寒冷的夜裡破裂了。

Be careful not to burst the balloon while tying it.

綁氣球時小心不要把它弄破。

2.
突然衝出;猛然出現
常用

指人、動物、光線或聲音突然且迅速地從某處出來或出現。

用法:常見結構為「burst out of+地點」及「burst into+地點」。此義通常不接受詞。

burst from behind the curtain
burst into the room
burst out of the classroom
burst through the door

The students burst out of the classroom when the bell rang.

鐘聲一響,學生便衝出教室。

Light burst through the clouds after the rain.

雨後,光線從雲層中照射出來。

3.
突然大笑;突然哭起來;突然爆發
常用

指情緒、笑聲、哭聲或歌聲等毫無預警地突然開始。

用法:說「burst into tears」與「burst into laughter」,但說「burst out laughing」與「burst out crying」。不要把兩種結構任意混用。

burst into song
burst into tears
burst into laughter
burst out laughing
burst out crying

The child burst into tears after losing her favorite toy.

那個孩子弄丟最喜歡的玩具後,突然哭了起來。

4.
充滿,洋溢著
常用

指某人或某物充滿強烈的情感、活力或特質,彷彿快要滿溢出來。

用法:最自然的結構是「be bursting with+抽象名詞」。用於人時,通常表示情緒或精力非常旺盛。

bursting with pride
bursting with excitement
bursting with energy
bursting with ideas

The children came home bursting with joy about the school trip.

孩子們帶著滿滿的喜悅回家,談著學校旅行的事。

Her parents were bursting with joy when she finished school.

她完成學業時,父母開心得不得了。

5.
爆發;突發事件;一陣
常用

名詞用法,指突然發生且通常持續不久的聲響、能量、情緒、活動或事件。

用法:作此義時是可數名詞,通常搭配「a」或其他數量詞。

a burst of speed
a burst of laughter
a burst of energy
a burst of applause
a burst of rain

A burst of cheering filled the hall after the show.

演出結束後,一陣歡呼聲充滿了大廳。

I had a burst of energy after drinking some tea.

喝了些茶後,我突然精神好多了。

6.
爆發;突然激增
較少用
正式

名詞用法,指疾病、暴力或某種活動在短時間內突然大量發生。

用法:常見搭配為「a burst of+名詞」。若強調疾病在特定地區持續擴散,「outbreak」往往更自然。

a burst of violence
a burst of activity
a burst of cases
a burst of inflation

The hospital prepared for a burst of flu cases after the holiday.

假期過後,醫院為流感病例突然增加做好準備。

There was a burst of activity at the station before the last train.

末班車到站前,車站裡突然忙碌了起來。

常見錯誤

She burst into crying when she heard the news.

She burst into tears when she heard the news./She burst out crying when she heard the news.

The balloon was burst by my brother.

My brother burst the balloon./The balloon burst.

There was burst of laughter in the classroom.

There was a burst of laughter in the classroom.

The students burst from the classroom.

The students burst out of the classroom.

相關字詞
explode 近義
outbreak 近義
burst into 片語形式
burst out 片語形式
pop 近義
break 近義
學習提示

・「burst」的核心概念是「突然且有力地發生」。它可描述物體破裂、人突然衝出,以及情緒或笑聲突然爆發。

・「burst into+名詞」和「burst out+動名詞」是高頻固定搭配,建議整組記憶。

・「burst with」可指容器裝得太滿而破裂,也可比喻某人「充滿」驕傲、興奮或活力。

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