單字庫

against

/əˈɡɛnst/KK

ə·ɡɛnst

練發音
介系詞
高中
難度 2 個音節
1.
反對;與……對立
極常用

表示某人、團體、計畫或行動所採取的立場是反對的,或表示朝某人、某事物發動不利行動。

用法:後面通常接名詞、代名詞或動名詞。表示「反對做某事」時,後面接動名詞,不接不定詞。

be against a proposal
vote against
fight against
play against a team
speak out against

Our school basketball team will play against Taipei High School tomorrow.

我們學校的籃球隊明天要和臺北高中比賽。

Most students voted against having classes on Saturday.

大多數學生投票反對星期六上課。

2.
違反;不符合
常用

表示某事不符合規則、建議、原則、意願或一般期待。

用法:常接規則、建議、意願、法律或原則等名詞。

against the law
against medical advice
against someone's wishes
against school policy
against the rules

He went hiking against his doctor's advice.

他不顧醫生的建議去爬山。

It is against school rules to use your phone during an exam.

考試期間使用手機違反校規。

3.
防範;抵禦;避免受到……影響
極常用

表示採取措施來避免疾病、危險、損失或其他不利事物造成傷害。

用法:常接可能造成傷害或損失的事物。表示「保護」時,常用保護某人或某物免受某事影響的結構。

protect against the sun
insure against loss
vaccinate against a disease
guard against accidents
warn against danger

Remember to wear a hat to protect your face against the hot sun.

記得戴帽子,保護你的臉不受炎熱陽光的傷害。

The teacher was against us sharing personal information on the internet.

老師反對我們在網路上分享個人資料。

4.
靠著;緊貼著
極常用

表示某人或某物與表面接觸,或倚靠在某個表面或物體上。

用法:常接牆、門、窗、胸口、座椅或其他可接觸、可倚靠的表面。

lean against a wall
sit against the window
press against the glass
rest against a chair
put something against the door

She put her bicycle against the wall outside the library.

她把腳踏車放在圖書館外的牆邊。

The little boy put his face against the bus window.

小男孩把臉貼在公車窗戶上。

5.
以……為背景;相對於……來比較
常用

表示某事物襯在某個背景前,或把某項數據、成果與另一項作對照比較。

用法:表示比較時,常接時間、先前數據或另一個可作為基準的項目。

stand out against the sky
set against a background
against last year
compare sales against targets
measured against a standard

The red lanterns looked beautiful against the dark evening sky.

紅燈籠襯著昏暗的夜空,看起來很美。

Against last year’s phone bill for the same month, this month’s bill is lower.

和去年同月份的電話帳單相比,今年這個月的帳單比較低。

6.
對……不利;顯示……有嫌疑或處於劣勢
常用
正式

表示證據、情勢、機率或條件對某人不利,或使某人看起來可能有過失。

用法:常見搭配包括「不利於某人的證據」與「對某人不利的情勢」。

the odds against someone
count against someone
work against someone
evidence against someone
a case against someone

The video was used against the man in court.

這段影片在法庭上被用來指控那名男子。

The heavy rain worked against our plan for a family picnic.

大雨讓我們的家庭野餐計畫更難實現。

常見錯誤

My parents are against me to go out late.

My parents are against my going out late.

They are against to raise the ticket price.

They are against raising the ticket price.

This medicine can prevent you against the flu.

This medicine can protect you against the flu.

The picture is on the wall.

The picture is against the wall.

相關字詞
protect from 近義
against all odds 片語形式
for 反義
oppose 同源詞
opposed to 近義
學習提示

・這個字的核心概念是「逆向、相對或接觸」。要依前後文判斷是「反對」、「防範」、「靠著」還是「比較」。

・表示「反對」時,常見結構是「反對+名詞」或「反對+動名詞」。

・表示比較時,「相較於」的用法多見於數據、表現或期間的對照;日常比較兩個事物時,也常使用表示「與……相比」的其他結構。

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